Johannes gutenberg printing press biography of albert

Mechanism that applies ink to a medium

This article is about the historical device created bygd Johannes Gutenberg. For the modern technology of printing, see printing.

A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in which the cloth, paper, or other medium was brushed or rubbed repeatedly to achieve the transfer of ink and accelerated the process. Typically used for texts, the invention and global spread of the printing press was one of the most influential events in the second millennium.^[1][2]

In Germany, around 1440, the goldsmithJohannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press, which started the Printing Revolution. Modelled on the design of existing screw presses, a single Renaissance movable-type printing press could producera up to 3,600 pages per

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Johannes Gutenberg

German inventor and craftsman (c. 1393–1406 – 1468)

"Gutenberg" redirects here. For the Bible, see Gutenberg Bible. For other uses, see Gutenberg (disambiguation).

Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg^[a] (c. 1393–1406 – 3 February 1468) was a German inventor and craftsman who invented the movable-typeprinting press. Though movable type was already in use in East Asia, Gutenberg's invention of the printing press^[2] enabled a much faster rate of printing. The printing press later spread across the world, and led to an information revolution and the unprecedented mass-spread of literature throughout Europe. It had a profound impact on the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, and humanist movements.

His many contributions to printing include the invention of a process for mass-producing movable type; the use of oil-based ink for printing books; adjustable molds;^[5] mechanical movable type; and the invention

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Johann Gutenberg was born around 1400 at the Hof zum Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany. He was the youngest son of Friele Gensfleisch zur Laden and Else Wirich.

Gutenberg’s paternal ancestors were cloth merchants and long-distance traders who held hereditary positions in the archbishop’s mint. His maternal ancestors were shopkeepers. This class difference between Gutenberg’s parents prevented him from benefiting as much as he might have from a later association with the mint—an upper-class privilege.

Biographer Albert Kapr points out that Gutenberg was known by a different name as a youth. Little is known of his childhood and education, though his later achievements show that he was probably well educated. The 1418 to 1420 enrollment forms of Erfurt University mention a Johannes de Alta villa, which Kapr believes may refer to Gutenberg.

Much of what is known about Gutenberg’s adult life comes from the records of his financial and legal troubles.

While living in Strasbourg, he made h